Ancient forest plants possess cytotoxic properties causing liver cancer HepG2 cell apoptosis
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Here, we collected 154 plant species in China ancient forests looking for novel efficient bioactive compounds for cancer treatments. We found 600 bioactive phyto-chemicals that induce apoptosis of liver cancer cell in vitro. First, we screen the plant extract's in vitro cytotoxicity inhibition of cancer cell growth using in vitro HepG2 cell lines and MTT cytotoxicity. The results from these initial MTT in vitro cytotoxicity tests show that the most efficient plants towards hepatoma cytoxicity is Cephalotaxus sinensis, mint bush (Elsholtzia stauntonii) and winged spindle tree (Euonymus alatus). We then used in cell-counting kit-8 (CCK-8) to further understand in vivo tumor growth using nude mice and GC-MS and LC-QTOF-MS to analyze the composition of compounds in the extracts. Extracted chemically active molecules analyzed by network pharmacology showed inhibition on the growth of liver cancer cells by acting on multiple gene targets, which is different from the currently used traditional drugs acting on only one target of liver cancer cells. Extracts from Cephalotaxus sinensis, mint bush (Elsholtzia stauntonii) and winged spindle tree (Euonymus alatus) induce apoptosis in hepatoma cancer cell line HepG2 with a killing rate of more than 83% and a tumor size decrease by 62–67% and a killing rate of only 6% of normal hepatocyte LO2. This study highlight efficient candidate species for cancer treatment providing a basis for future development of novel plant-based drugs to help meeting several of the UN SDGs and planetary health.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | 117474 |
| Tidsskrift | Environmental Research |
| Vol/bind | 241 |
| Antal sider | 9 |
| ISSN | 0013-9351 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2024 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
The manuscript is supported by Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Henan Province (No. 21IRTSTHN020 ), Central Plain Scholar Funding Project of Henan Province (No. 212101510005 ) and department of pathology, Xinxiang Medical University , Xinxiang. The assistance provided by Jianqi Li, Dongfang Zheng, Dongfeng Yan, Xitian Yang, Shuangxi Yan, Yuqiang Sang, Cheng Li, Jidong Li, Huitao Bi, Shuaiwei Dong and Yaoming Wang in collecting samples. The authors thank Xiaofan Zhang, Ruirui Guan, Quan Zhou, Zihan Wei, Yuhao Peng, Chaofan Suo and Yacheng Wang to help in the completion of the paper. The authors also would like to thank Hou Lijie from Shiyanjia Lab ( www.shiyanjia.com ) for the MTT experiment and LC-QTOF-MS analysis. The present study was performed according to the written approval obtained from the Ethics Committee of Xinxiang Medical University (Xinxiang, China).
Funding Information:
The manuscript is supported by Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Henan Province (No. 21IRTSTHN020), Central Plain Scholar Funding Project of Henan Province (No. 212101510005) and department of pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang. The assistance provided by Jianqi Li, Dongfang Zheng, Dongfeng Yan, Xitian Yang, Shuangxi Yan, Yuqiang Sang, Cheng Li, Jidong Li, Huitao Bi, Shuaiwei Dong and Yaoming Wang in collecting samples. The authors thank Xiaofan Zhang, Ruirui Guan, Quan Zhou, Zihan Wei, Yuhao Peng, Chaofan Suo and Yacheng Wang to help in the completion of the paper. The authors also would like to thank Hou Lijie from Shiyanjia Lab (www.shiyanjia.com) for the MTT experiment and LC-QTOF-MS analysis. The present study was performed according to the written approval obtained from the Ethics Committee of Xinxiang Medical University (Xinxiang, China).
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